By rosebell
According to reports citing the Railway Minister, India is manufacturing TBMs with diameters of 8m and 15m, with plans to develop machines exceeding 16m in diameter. These capabilities are significant for projects involving large-diameter tunnels and challenging geological conditions.
The renewed focus on domestic manufacturing comes amid new Chinese export controls covering TBMs, major components and associated technologies, highlighting the strategic importance of securing reliable access to specialised tunnelling equipment.
Rishikesh–Karnaprayag Railway Requires Extensive Tunnelling
The 125km Rishikesh–Karnaprayag railway project is designed to improve connectivity between Rishikesh and Karnaprayag in Uttarakhand, crossing the challenging terrain of the Himalayas.
The railway involves extensive underground construction, with tunnels forming a major part of the alignment. The project requires specialised engineering to address the region’s complex geology and mountainous terrain.
The railway is intended to improve transport access to communities in Uttarakhand and strengthen connectivity to destinations in the Himalayan region.
Domestic TBM Production Gains Strategic Importance
The development of larger TBMs reflects India’s broader efforts to strengthen its domestic manufacturing base for advanced infrastructure equipment.
Locally available TBM manufacturing capabilities could support future railway, metro, road, water and other underground infrastructure projects. Domestic production may also help strengthen supply-chain resilience for specialised machinery and components.
China’s announced export controls, scheduled to take effect on 18 November 2026, add further importance to the issue. The measures cover several types of TBMs, key components and associated technologies, although the applicable export procedures depend on the destination and item classification.
India’s progress in developing larger tunnelling machines could therefore become an important factor in supporting the country’s long-term infrastructure ambitions.
